Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse

Felicia Goodrum; Anice C. Lowen; Seema Lakdawala; James Alwine; Arturo Casadevall; Michael J. Imperiale; Walter Atwood; Daphne Avgousti; Joel Baines; Bruce Banfield; Lawrence Banks; Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh; Deepta Bhattacharya; Daniel Blanco-Melo; David Bloom; Adrianus Boon; Steeve Boulant; Curtis Brandt; Andrew Broadbent; Christopher Brooke; Craig Cameron; Samuel Campos; Patrizia Caposio; Gary Chan; Anna Cliffe; John Coffin; Kathleen Collins; Blossom Damania; Matthew Daugherty; Kari Debbink; James DeCaprio; Terence Dermody; Jimmy Dikeakos; Daniel DiMaio; Rhoel Dinglasan; W. Paul Duprex; Rebecca Dutch; Nels Elde; Michael Emerman; Lynn Enquist; Bentley Fane; Ana Fernandez-Sesma; Michelle Flenniken; Lori Frappier; Matthew Frieman; Klaus Frueh; Michaela Gack; Marta Gaglia; Tom Gallagher; Denise Galloway; Adolfo García-Sastre; Adam Geballe; Britt Glaunsinger; Stephen Goff; Alexander Greninger; Meaghan Hancock; Eva Harris; Nicholas Heaton; Mark Heise; Ekaterina Heldwein; Brenda Hogue; Stacy Horner; Edward Hutchinson; Joseph Hyser; William Jackson; Robert Kalejta; Jeremy Kamil; Stephanie Karst; Frank Kirchhoff; David Knipe; Timothy Kowalik; Michael Lagunoff; Laimonis Laimins; Ryan Langlois; Adam Lauring; Benhur Lee; David Leib; Shan Lu Liu; Richard Longnecker; Carolina Lopez; Micah Luftig; Jennifer Lund; Balaji Manicassamy; Grant McFadden; Michael McIntosh; Andrew Mehle; W. Allen Miller; Ian Mohr; Cary Moody; Nathaniel Moorman; Anne Moscona; Bryan Mounce; Joshua Munger; Karl Münger; Eain Murphy; Mojgan Naghavi; Jay Nelson; Christopher Neufeldt; Janko Nikolich; Christine O'Connor; Akira Ono; Walter Orenstein; David Ornelles; Jing Hsiung Ou; John Parker; Colin Parrish; Andrew Pekosz; Philip Pellett; Julie Pfeiffer; Richard Plemper; Stephen Polyak; John Purdy; Dohun Pyeon; Miguel Quinones-Mateu; Rolf Renne; Charles Rice; John Schoggins; Richard Roller; Charles Russell; Rozanne Sandri-Goldin; Martin Sapp; Luis Schang; Scott Schmid; Stacey Schultz-Cherry; Bert Semler; Thomas Shenk; Guido Silvestri; Viviana Simon; Gregory Smith; Jason Smith; Katherine Spindler; Megan Stanifer; Kanta Subbarao; Wesley Sundquist; Mehul Suthar; Troy Sutton; Andrew Tai; Vera Tarakanova; Benjamin tenOever; Scott Tibbetts; Stephen Tompkins; Zsolt Toth; Koenraad van Doorslaer; Marco Vignuzzi; Nicholas Wallace; Derek Walsh; Michael Weekes; Jason Weinberg; Matthew Weitzman; Sandra Weller; Sean Whelan; Elizabeth White; Bryan Williams; Christiane Wobus; Scott Wong; Andrew Yurochko

doi:10.1128/jvi.00089-23

Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse

Felicia Goodrum, Anice C. Lowen, Seema Lakdawala, James Alwine, Arturo Casadevall, Michael J. Imperiale, Walter Atwood, Daphne Avgousti, Joel Baines, Bruce Banfield, Lawrence Banks, Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh, Deepta Bhattacharya, Daniel Blanco-Melo, David Bloom, Adrianus Boon, Steeve Boulant, Curtis Brandt, Andrew Broadbent, Christopher BrookeCraig Cameron, Samuel Campos, Patrizia Caposio, Gary Chan, Anna Cliffe, John Coffin, Kathleen Collins, Blossom Damania, Matthew Daugherty, Kari Debbink, James DeCaprio, Terence Dermody, Jimmy Dikeakos, Daniel DiMaio, Rhoel Dinglasan, W. Paul Duprex, Rebecca Dutch, Nels Elde, Michael Emerman, Lynn Enquist, Bentley Fane, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Michelle Flenniken, Lori Frappier, Matthew Frieman, Klaus Frueh, Michaela Gack, Marta Gaglia, Tom Gallagher, Denise Galloway, Adolfo García-Sastre, Adam Geballe, Britt Glaunsinger, Stephen Goff, Alexander Greninger, Meaghan Hancock, Eva Harris, Nicholas Heaton, Mark Heise, Ekaterina Heldwein, Brenda Hogue, Stacy Horner, Edward Hutchinson, Joseph Hyser, William Jackson, Robert Kalejta, Jeremy Kamil, Stephanie Karst, Frank Kirchhoff, David Knipe, Timothy Kowalik, Michael Lagunoff, Laimonis Laimins, Ryan Langlois, Adam Lauring, Benhur Lee, David Leib, Shan Lu Liu, Richard Longnecker, Carolina Lopez, Micah Luftig, Jennifer Lund, Balaji Manicassamy, Grant McFadden, Michael McIntosh, Andrew Mehle, W. Allen Miller, Ian Mohr, Cary Moody, Nathaniel Moorman, Anne Moscona, Bryan Mounce, Joshua Munger, Karl Münger, Eain Murphy, Mojgan Naghavi, Jay Nelson, Christopher Neufeldt, Janko Nikolich, Christine O'Connor, Akira Ono, Walter Orenstein, David Ornelles, Jing Hsiung Ou, John Parker, Colin Parrish, Andrew Pekosz, Philip Pellett, Julie Pfeiffer, Richard Plemper, Stephen Polyak, John Purdy, Dohun Pyeon, Miguel Quinones-Mateu, Rolf Renne, Charles Rice, John Schoggins, Richard Roller, Charles Russell, Rozanne Sandri-Goldin, Martin Sapp, Luis Schang, Scott Schmid, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Bert Semler, Thomas Shenk, Guido Silvestri, Viviana Simon, Gregory Smith, Jason Smith, Katherine Spindler, Megan Stanifer, Kanta Subbarao, Wesley Sundquist, Mehul Suthar, Troy Sutton, Andrew Tai, Vera Tarakanova, Benjamin tenOever, Scott Tibbetts, Stephen Tompkins, Zsolt Toth, Koenraad van Doorslaer, Marco Vignuzzi, Nicholas Wallace, Derek Walsh, Michael Weekes, Jason Weinberg, Matthew Weitzman, Sandra Weller, Sean Whelan, Elizabeth White, Bryan Williams, Christiane Wobus, Scott Wong, Andrew Yurochko

Molecular Genetics and Microbiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 601 years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Virology
Volume	97
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23
Publication status	Published - Feb 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Goodrum et al.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Microbiology
Immunology
Insect Science
Virology

Keywords

COVID-19
Coronavirus
DURC
Gain of function
SARS-CoV-2
biosafety
influenza
pandemic
vaccines
zoonosis

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1128/jvi.00089-23

Cite this

Goodrum, F., Lowen, A. C., Lakdawala, S., Alwine, J., Casadevall, A., Imperiale, M. J., Atwood, W., Avgousti, D., Baines, J., Banfield, B., Banks, L., Bhaduri-McIntosh, S., Bhattacharya, D., Blanco-Melo, D., Bloom, D., Boon, A., Boulant, S., Brandt, C., Broadbent, A., ... Yurochko, A. (2023). Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse. Journal of Virology, 97(2). https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23

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title = "Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse",

abstract = "Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 601 years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.",

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author = "Felicia Goodrum and Lowen, {Anice C.} and Seema Lakdawala and James Alwine and Arturo Casadevall and Imperiale, {Michael J.} and Walter Atwood and Daphne Avgousti and Joel Baines and Bruce Banfield and Lawrence Banks and Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh and Deepta Bhattacharya and Daniel Blanco-Melo and David Bloom and Adrianus Boon and Steeve Boulant and Curtis Brandt and Andrew Broadbent and Christopher Brooke and Craig Cameron and Samuel Campos and Patrizia Caposio and Gary Chan and Anna Cliffe and John Coffin and Kathleen Collins and Blossom Damania and Matthew Daugherty and Kari Debbink and James DeCaprio and Terence Dermody and Jimmy Dikeakos and Daniel DiMaio and Rhoel Dinglasan and Duprex, {W. Paul} and Rebecca Dutch and Nels Elde and Michael Emerman and Lynn Enquist and Bentley Fane and Ana Fernandez-Sesma and Michelle Flenniken and Lori Frappier and Matthew Frieman and Klaus Frueh and Michaela Gack and Marta Gaglia and Tom Gallagher and Denise Galloway and Adolfo Garc{\'i}a-Sastre and Adam Geballe and Britt Glaunsinger and Stephen Goff and Alexander Greninger and Meaghan Hancock and Eva Harris and Nicholas Heaton and Mark Heise and Ekaterina Heldwein and Brenda Hogue and Stacy Horner and Edward Hutchinson and Joseph Hyser and William Jackson and Robert Kalejta and Jeremy Kamil and Stephanie Karst and Frank Kirchhoff and David Knipe and Timothy Kowalik and Michael Lagunoff and Laimonis Laimins and Ryan Langlois and Adam Lauring and Benhur Lee and David Leib and Liu, {Shan Lu} and Richard Longnecker and Carolina Lopez and Micah Luftig and Jennifer Lund and Balaji Manicassamy and Grant McFadden and Michael McIntosh and Andrew Mehle and Miller, {W. Allen} and Ian Mohr and Cary Moody and Nathaniel Moorman and Anne Moscona and Bryan Mounce and Joshua Munger and Karl M{\"u}nger and Eain Murphy and Mojgan Naghavi and Jay Nelson and Christopher Neufeldt and Janko Nikolich and Christine O'Connor and Akira Ono and Walter Orenstein and David Ornelles and Ou, {Jing Hsiung} and John Parker and Colin Parrish and Andrew Pekosz and Philip Pellett and Julie Pfeiffer and Richard Plemper and Stephen Polyak and John Purdy and Dohun Pyeon and Miguel Quinones-Mateu and Rolf Renne and Charles Rice and John Schoggins and Richard Roller and Charles Russell and Rozanne Sandri-Goldin and Martin Sapp and Luis Schang and Scott Schmid and Stacey Schultz-Cherry and Bert Semler and Thomas Shenk and Guido Silvestri and Viviana Simon and Gregory Smith and Jason Smith and Katherine Spindler and Megan Stanifer and Kanta Subbarao and Wesley Sundquist and Mehul Suthar and Troy Sutton and Andrew Tai and Vera Tarakanova and Benjamin tenOever and Scott Tibbetts and Stephen Tompkins and Zsolt Toth and {van Doorslaer}, Koenraad and Marco Vignuzzi and Nicholas Wallace and Derek Walsh and Michael Weekes and Jason Weinberg and Matthew Weitzman and Sandra Weller and Sean Whelan and Elizabeth White and Bryan Williams and Christiane Wobus and Scott Wong and Andrew Yurochko",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2023 Goodrum et al.",

year = "2023",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1128/jvi.00089-23",

language = "English",

volume = "97",

journal = "Journal of Virology",

issn = "0022-538X",

publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",

number = "2",

}

Goodrum, F, Lowen, AC, Lakdawala, S, Alwine, J, Casadevall, A, Imperiale, MJ, Atwood, W, Avgousti, D, Baines, J, Banfield, B, Banks, L, Bhaduri-McIntosh, S, Bhattacharya, D, Blanco-Melo, D, Bloom, D, Boon, A, Boulant, S, Brandt, C, Broadbent, A, Brooke, C, Cameron, C, Campos, S, Caposio, P, Chan, G, Cliffe, A, Coffin, J, Collins, K, Damania, B, Daugherty, M, Debbink, K, DeCaprio, J, Dermody, T, Dikeakos, J, DiMaio, D, Dinglasan, R, Duprex, WP, Dutch, R, Elde, N, Emerman, M, Enquist, L, Fane, B, Fernandez-Sesma, A, Flenniken, M, Frappier, L, Frieman, M, Frueh, K, Gack, M, Gaglia, M, Gallagher, T, Galloway, D, García-Sastre, A, Geballe, A, Glaunsinger, B, Goff, S, Greninger, A, Hancock, M, Harris, E, Heaton, N, Heise, M, Heldwein, E, Hogue, B, Horner, S, Hutchinson, E, Hyser, J, Jackson, W, Kalejta, R, Kamil, J, Karst, S, Kirchhoff, F, Knipe, D, Kowalik, T, Lagunoff, M, Laimins, L, Langlois, R, Lauring, A, Lee, B, Leib, D, Liu, SL, Longnecker, R, Lopez, C, Luftig, M, Lund, J, Manicassamy, B, McFadden, G, McIntosh, M, Mehle, A, Miller, WA, Mohr, I, Moody, C, Moorman, N, Moscona, A, Mounce, B, Munger, J, Münger, K, Murphy, E, Naghavi, M, Nelson, J, Neufeldt, C, Nikolich, J, O'Connor, C, Ono, A, Orenstein, W, Ornelles, D, Ou, JH, Parker, J, Parrish, C, Pekosz, A, Pellett, P, Pfeiffer, J, Plemper, R, Polyak, S, Purdy, J, Pyeon, D, Quinones-Mateu, M, Renne, R, Rice, C, Schoggins, J, Roller, R, Russell, C, Sandri-Goldin, R, Sapp, M, Schang, L, Schmid, S, Schultz-Cherry, S, Semler, B, Shenk, T, Silvestri, G, Simon, V, Smith, G, Smith, J, Spindler, K, Stanifer, M, Subbarao, K, Sundquist, W, Suthar, M, Sutton, T, Tai, A, Tarakanova, V, tenOever, B, Tibbetts, S, Tompkins, S, Toth, Z, van Doorslaer, K, Vignuzzi, M, Wallace, N, Walsh, D, Weekes, M, Weinberg, J, Weitzman, M, Weller, S, Whelan, S, White, E, Williams, B, Wobus, C, Wong, S & Yurochko, A 2023, 'Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse', Journal of Virology, vol. 97, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23

TY - JOUR

T1 - Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse

AU - Goodrum, Felicia

AU - Lowen, Anice C.

AU - Lakdawala, Seema

AU - Alwine, James

AU - Casadevall, Arturo

AU - Imperiale, Michael J.

AU - Atwood, Walter

AU - Avgousti, Daphne

AU - Baines, Joel

AU - Banfield, Bruce

AU - Banks, Lawrence

AU - Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita

AU - Bhattacharya, Deepta

AU - Blanco-Melo, Daniel

AU - Bloom, David

AU - Boon, Adrianus

AU - Boulant, Steeve

AU - Brandt, Curtis

AU - Broadbent, Andrew

AU - Brooke, Christopher

AU - Cameron, Craig

AU - Campos, Samuel

AU - Caposio, Patrizia

AU - Chan, Gary

AU - Cliffe, Anna

AU - Coffin, John

AU - Collins, Kathleen

AU - Damania, Blossom

AU - Daugherty, Matthew

AU - Debbink, Kari

AU - DeCaprio, James

AU - Dermody, Terence

AU - Dikeakos, Jimmy

AU - DiMaio, Daniel

AU - Dinglasan, Rhoel

AU - Duprex, W. Paul

AU - Dutch, Rebecca

AU - Elde, Nels

AU - Emerman, Michael

AU - Enquist, Lynn

AU - Fane, Bentley

AU - Fernandez-Sesma, Ana

AU - Flenniken, Michelle

AU - Frappier, Lori

AU - Frieman, Matthew

AU - Frueh, Klaus

AU - Gack, Michaela

AU - Gaglia, Marta

AU - Gallagher, Tom

AU - Galloway, Denise

AU - García-Sastre, Adolfo

AU - Geballe, Adam

AU - Glaunsinger, Britt

AU - Goff, Stephen

AU - Greninger, Alexander

AU - Hancock, Meaghan

AU - Harris, Eva

AU - Heaton, Nicholas

AU - Heise, Mark

AU - Heldwein, Ekaterina

AU - Hogue, Brenda

AU - Horner, Stacy

AU - Hutchinson, Edward

AU - Hyser, Joseph

AU - Jackson, William

AU - Kalejta, Robert

AU - Kamil, Jeremy

AU - Karst, Stephanie

AU - Kirchhoff, Frank

AU - Knipe, David

AU - Kowalik, Timothy

AU - Lagunoff, Michael

AU - Laimins, Laimonis

AU - Langlois, Ryan

AU - Lauring, Adam

AU - Lee, Benhur

AU - Leib, David

AU - Liu, Shan Lu

AU - Longnecker, Richard

AU - Lopez, Carolina

AU - Luftig, Micah

AU - Lund, Jennifer

AU - Manicassamy, Balaji

AU - McFadden, Grant

AU - McIntosh, Michael

AU - Mehle, Andrew

AU - Miller, W. Allen

AU - Mohr, Ian

AU - Moody, Cary

AU - Moorman, Nathaniel

AU - Moscona, Anne

AU - Mounce, Bryan

AU - Munger, Joshua

AU - Münger, Karl

AU - Murphy, Eain

AU - Naghavi, Mojgan

AU - Nelson, Jay

AU - Neufeldt, Christopher

AU - Nikolich, Janko

AU - O'Connor, Christine

AU - Ono, Akira

AU - Orenstein, Walter

AU - Ornelles, David

AU - Ou, Jing Hsiung

AU - Parker, John

AU - Parrish, Colin

AU - Pekosz, Andrew

AU - Pellett, Philip

AU - Pfeiffer, Julie

AU - Plemper, Richard

AU - Polyak, Stephen

AU - Purdy, John

AU - Pyeon, Dohun

AU - Quinones-Mateu, Miguel

AU - Renne, Rolf

AU - Rice, Charles

AU - Schoggins, John

AU - Roller, Richard

AU - Russell, Charles

AU - Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne

AU - Sapp, Martin

AU - Schang, Luis

AU - Schmid, Scott

AU - Schultz-Cherry, Stacey

AU - Semler, Bert

AU - Shenk, Thomas

AU - Silvestri, Guido

AU - Simon, Viviana

AU - Smith, Gregory

AU - Smith, Jason

AU - Spindler, Katherine

AU - Stanifer, Megan

AU - Subbarao, Kanta

AU - Sundquist, Wesley

AU - Suthar, Mehul

AU - Sutton, Troy

AU - Tai, Andrew

AU - Tarakanova, Vera

AU - tenOever, Benjamin

AU - Tibbetts, Scott

AU - Tompkins, Stephen

AU - Toth, Zsolt

AU - van Doorslaer, Koenraad

AU - Vignuzzi, Marco

AU - Wallace, Nicholas

AU - Walsh, Derek

AU - Weekes, Michael

AU - Weinberg, Jason

AU - Weitzman, Matthew

AU - Weller, Sandra

AU - Whelan, Sean

AU - White, Elizabeth

AU - Williams, Bryan

AU - Wobus, Christiane

AU - Wong, Scott

AU - Yurochko, Andrew

PY - 2023/2

Y1 - 2023/2

N2 - Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 601 years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.

AB - Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 601 years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.

KW - COVID-19

KW - Coronavirus

KW - DURC

KW - Gain of function

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - biosafety

KW - influenza

KW - pandemic

KW - vaccines

KW - zoonosis

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149153955&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85149153955&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1128/jvi.00089-23

DO - 10.1128/jvi.00089-23

M3 - Review article

C2 - 36700653

AN - SCOPUS:85149153955

SN - 0022-538X

VL - 97

JO - Journal of Virology

JF - Journal of Virology

IS - 2

ER -

Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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